《学会学习和思考之教育学》设计

按照Teach Less, Learn More课程体系的一般设计要求《学会学习和思考》的设计原则,我们做了《学会学习和思考教育学模块》的设计。

教育学模块整体的概念地图
EduModuleDesign

课程目标
1、刺激和引导学生思考什么是教育学,如何做更好的教育
2、学生可以有自己的思考和理解,但是大概来说:教育学这个学科的根本任务是促进学习和教学,其学科基础是具体领域的知识以及人类学习、教学和思考的科学。
3、了解和实践教育中一些好的理念:系联性思考、批判性思维、做中学、从教(同伴)中学习、项目和问题为基础的教学、粗糙问题的价值、教的更少学得更多(关注大图景——学科基本问题以及和现实的联系、典型研究思想和分析方法、核心概念以及它们之间的联系,问理据性等WHWM问题(W:什么是主要信息,H:这个信息如何通过概念例子以及它们之间的联系来表达,W:为什么你想表达这个信息,M:这个信息对于我还有这个世界意味着什么?),刺激挑战引导学生和学生平等讨论(让学生问他所想问,说他所想说)。
4、了解和避免一些教育中的一些不好的理念:用重复练习来代替对概念理解的深化、用忽略学生多样性的固定套路来禁锢学生的思考和创造性、仅仅关注抽象成模型或者数学问题以后的世界而忽略抽象化的重要性、按照习惯的教材或者教法来教学而不反思其理据性。
5、对构建真的能够解决主要任务的教育学的兴趣
6、学习和教学能力的提高。
7、在学习和思考“教育学”的过程中实践系联性思考、批判性思维,学会学习和思考。

学习材料
1、Ted Talks视频:
Ken Robinson: Changing education paradigms,Ken Robinson教育的问题和出路四重奏,创造性和现代教育的目的
Ken Robinson: How to escape education’s death valley
Ken Robinson: Bring on the learning revolution!
Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
Arthur Benjamin: Teach statistics before calculus!,按照其他人或者教科书来教学吗?
Tim Brown: Tales of creativity and play,创造力和玩
Cameron Herold: Let’s raise kids to be entrepreneurs,创业者的特质和培养
Chris Anderson: Questions no one knows the answers to,好奇心、科学和教育
Christopher Emdin: Teach teachers how to create magic,教学本身需要创造性
Clint Smith: The danger of silence,让每个人都问你所想问,说你所想说
John Green: The nerd’s guide to learning everything online,思考改变世界,人生就是探索未知世界
Liz Coleman: A call to reinvent liberal arts education,什么是真正的通识教育
Patrick Awuah: How to educate leaders? Liberal arts,通识教育和社会
Marcus du Sautoy: Symmetry, reality’s riddle,世界中的数学,尤其是对称性
Cédric Villani: What’s so sexy about math? ,数学描述世界超越简单经验
Roger Antonsen: Math is the hidden secret to understanding the world,关于“理解”和数学,以及数学作为现实的表示
Hans Rosling: Let my dataset change your mindset,数学可以很有趣并且改变你的思想
Conrad Wolfram: Teaching kids real math with computers,数学的四个阶段(提出问题、抽象化、计算求解、验证和提高)和当前数学教育以及可能的解决方案
Dan Meyer: Math class needs a makeover,数学教育和粗糙问题的关系
Alan Kay: A powerful idea about ideas,精心设计的神奇的任务和计算模块帮助学习数学和科学
Victor Rios: Help for kids the education system ignores,教学和教育中的心理建设,信任的力量,帮助的力量
Carol Dweck: The power of believing that you can improve,教学和教育中的心理建设,鼓励的力量
John Wooden: The difference between winning and succeeding,赢和成功和教育的关系
Kiran Sethi: Kids, take charge,让孩子来当家做主改变世界
Sal Khan: Let’s teach for mastery — not test scores,网络课程Khan学院的学习模式
Anant Agarwal: Why massive open online courses (still) matter,网络公开课和现代教育
Andreas Schleicher: Use data to build better schools,能力和潜力能够检测吗,检测结果能够用来促进教学吗?
Daphne Koller: What we’re learning from online education,网络公开课和现代教育
Peter Norvig: The 100,000-student classroom,网络公开课和现代教育
Sal Khan: Let’s use video to reinvent education,网络课程Khan学院和现代教育
Richard Baraniuk: The birth of the open-source learning revolution,网络公开课和现代教育
Peter Doolittle: How your “working memory” makes sense of the world,脑科学如何帮助学习和教学
James Flynn: Why our IQ levels are higher than our grandparents’,IQ在检测什么这个什么和科学的关系
Takaharu Tezuka: The best kindergarten you’ve ever seen,建筑改变行为和思维并促进学习和成长

2、Joseph Novak: Life experience and meaningful learning,通过Novak自己的生活经验来更好地理解概念地图、理解型学习
3、吴金闪《概念地图教学和学习方法》
4、参考书:Whitehead《教育的目的》、Novak《学习、创造与使用知识——概念图促进企业和学校的学习变革》

先修课
《学会学习和思考》技能训练模块,或者其他经过我们认可的概念地图和系联性思考培训班

课程形式和教学安排
在两周的时间内每周三次每次三小时集中上课,三小时老师授课(分享理念、举例子、讨论),学生看视频做30分钟口头报告和讨论教学。每周的另外两个晚上同样三小时用于习题课。

第一次课
老师授课(讨论形式),内容:提出什么是教育学,如何提高的问题。介绍课程基本信息(课堂形式、作业、考试、评分、课程目标、对学生的要求、课程负担、课程网站、习题课、助教等)。分享“教的更少,学得更多”的理念,突出系联性思考和批判性思维。学生选择学习材料。
EduModule

第二次课
老师选择某个视频,做一次演示教学。突出第一次课里面的理念以及阵对具体问题做好WHWM问题的讨论。剩余时间,按照第一次课结束之后学生选择的内容和顺序开展报告和讨论。

第三-五次课
按照学生选择的内容和顺序做报告、讨论和点评

第六次课
按照学生选择的内容和顺序做报告、讨论和点评。剩余时间,老师做总结,提示思考这些视频之间的关系,以及这些视频和课程目标——思考什么是教育学,如何提高——之间的关系。布置好最后的作业。总结大家表现出来的好的地方和主要问题。

对学生的要求
熟练的英语听说(课程为全英文授课)、对教育感兴趣并且有一个开放的头脑还要愿意接受理念和学习难度学习方式上的挑战

课程主要作业
看所有的视频,选择其中的一个按照WHWM来做基于视频的“关于什么是教育学如何提高”的报告,按照“Teach Less, Learn More”的原则完成一门课的课程设计,完成课程报告——总结课程学到的内容并反思

课程工作量
上正课时间每天3小时(3*6=18小时),习题课时间每天3小时(4*3=12小时),课后看所有的视频(约20小时)和书(约6小时),为口头报告做准备(基本在习题课时间完成),完成课程设计作业(约10小时),完成课程学习报告(约10小时)。课后思考,相信我肯定会有很多,时间不可计。

注意:课程配有助教,习题课不强制要求参加但是会大大缩短你准备的时间和提高你学习的效果

警告:本课程需要你大量的时间和精力的投入,做主动学习,而不是听听课而已。如果你做不到,或者你对记忆型学习非常满意,请不要来选择这门课程。

每一项具体教学内容的概念地图和理据性

0、在本课程中,学生学习过程中整理了各个学习材料的概念地图,可供参考。另外,理据性部分仅仅举了两个例子。实际上,这两项工作应该先由课程设计者做完。

1、为什么采用教师分享理念举例学生讲解同学老师点评的方式来授课

教育学科是一个很特殊的发展非常不成熟的学科。一个真正的能够完成这个学科的任务——提高学习和教学的效率——的科学理论体系还没有建立起来。另一方面,问题是明确的:为了培养更好的创造者——提出问题、创造知识或者创造性地运用知识的人——确实有很多东西需要学和教;然而目前的教育系统基本上是基于培养熟练工人——能够识字能够数数能够执行命令——来构建的。从这个角度来说,教育学的基础应该是具体学科的知识结构和认知科学。但是,一方面教育学的理论和研究工作没有很好地基于具体学科的知识结构,另一方面,认知科学的发展也没有成熟到能够直接帮助和指导学习和教学的程度。那么,教育学怎么教?难道系统性的理论没有,连可以借鉴的好的理念也没有吗,连可以借鉴从而避免的的不好理念也没有吗?有,好的和不好的都有。没有理论,有一些经验和理念,那么,课堂怎么教?

借鉴好的教育学理念,对于操作性比较强,系统性理论性不够强的内容,采用做中学(Learning by doing),教中学(Learning by teaching)。于是,老师的责任就是引领道路和引领思考,分享完理念之后,做一个演示教学,然后在点评中进一步体现理念。同时,学生口头报告中暴露出来的问题会比老师专门设计出来的问题和场景更好地成为大家讨论学习的材料。

2、为什么教“Teach Less, Learn More”

很多的老师的教学行为是按照其他人怎么教或者某一本或者几本教科书来进行的。来很多时候,没有深入地思考过是否每一个教学内容都是有必要的,为了实现某一个目的并且这个目的有利于培养真正的提出问题、创造知识或者创造性地使用知识的人的。随着我们所积累的知识的量的增加和技术的进步,单纯为了存储知识的学习基本上已经没有必要了。进一步,如果什么东西都要按部就班来学,那么,在我们真的能够创造知识之前我们就必须花费越来越多的时间来学习。有没有什么办法,能够用尽量少的具体知识作为学习内容可是学习得到的对这个学科的理解又能够比较深刻,明白这个学科的大图景:典型问题、典型思考方式和典型分析方法呢?有,把握住这个学科的核心概念体系——概念、举例以及它们之间的关系,然后选择能够体现大图景的概念、举例和它们之间的关系来作为学习内容,把非核心和基础的内容留给学生自学(例如通过布置作业)。

这样的一个体系就是我们称之为“教的更少,学得更多”的体系。它的主要教学目标是学会这个学科的大图景——典型问题、典型思考方式和典型分析方法还有核心概念体系,让学生能够进一步自学——所以也学会使用系联性思考和批判性思维,愿意进一步自学——所以要用教师自己对这个学科的情感来感染学生。为了实现这个目标,对于一门课程,老师需要明确写下来:教学的目标(按照上面的一般目标来细化),整体知识结构的概念地图,选择的核心概念和典型例子的子概念地图,每一项教学内容的理据性,教学过程中一定要问好WHWM问题促进学习者对大图景和小问题的理解。

3、为什么要选择Ken Robinson的关于学校教育和创造性的视频

为什么在新的时代下我们的教育要改变,如何改变?之前的教育再什么地方做得不够好?在Robinson的四个Ted Talks里面,他主要讨论了这个问题。他认为问题的关键在于目前的学校教育和创造性之间的冲突。发源于机器大工业时代的现代教育系统当年是为了培养熟练工人,但是今天,我们识字和能算的问题已经基本解决了。这个时候,我们要怎么做才能保护和培养学生的创造性?
RobinsonTed

“教的更少,学得更多”课程的设计内容要求(What a typical“Teach Less, Learn More”course design needs)

A typical“Teach Less, Learn More”course design :
1. Aims (When designing aims, please keep in mind that we want to teach them how to learn and think, thus should emphasize: how learning this module can help students learn and think generally (this part will be more on critical thinking and relational thinking) and more specifically on this subject matter (this part will more be on think like an expert in this discipline, the big picture, the core concepts and their connections), how to make them appreciate this discipline. )
2. Prerequisite
3. A big cmap for the big picture
4. A set of topics, their cmaps and rationale of its usage in presenting the big picture
5. Course arrangement, contents and homeworks for each class
6. References, reading materials, course projects and expected hours of work

一个“教的更少,学得更多”课程的设计:
1. 目标 (在设计目标的时候,要围绕着课程的主旨——教会学生学习和思考,于是要关注这个模块如何帮助学生更一般地学习和思考(这个部分要突出批判性思维、系联性思考),以及如何帮助学生做这个学科的学习和思考(这个部分要突出如何像这个领域的专家一样来思考,这个学科的大图景),以及如何使得学生们学会欣赏和开始喜欢这个学科。
2. 对学生的要求
3. 反映大图景的大图
4. 分解以后的小图,专题,以及理据性——为什么要讲这些专题,它们如何实现上面的目标
5. 课程内容的时间安排
6. 参考文献,学习材料,作业,课程项目,以及学生需要花的时间的估计

《学会学习和思考》开课信息

2017年秋季学习开课信息如下:

CmapCourse

这张图的地址在这里,可以点击图里面的链接了解更详细信息。

请在选课系统里面选择一个技能模块,一个专业模块。课程为集中授课。第一个模块六天内完成。第二个模块两周内完成。请注意上课时间。请注意课程要求,思想上和时间上的要求。再强调一遍,一定一定在选课之前去看看课程要求、设计原则和课程主要内容

《学会学习和思考之理解型学习理念和技能》设计

Learning how to learn and think: Ideas and skills of meaningful learning
学会学习和思考课程理念和技能训练模块

MeaningfulLearningwithExamples

Objectives
1. Understand what is meaningful learning and be able to apply it at least when reminded
2. Be able to use concept maps to organize ideas and thoughts to help think better (deeper, right on the key spot, more creative)
3. A good understanding of the ways of thinking behind concept mapping: relational thinking and critical thinking
4. (Together with the subject module) Learning by doing (thus lots of homeworks, discussions, critical feedback)
5. (Together with the subject module) Learning for the big picture of the discipline, which includes typical ways of thinking, typical subjects of studies, typical methods of analysis, it connections to the real world.
6. Some techniques for a better learner, such as asking the WHWM questions (What, How, Why and Meaningful), learning from teaching your peers, using concept maps for books reading etc.

课程目标
1. 明白什么是理解型学习,并且能够在被提醒做理解型学习的时候运用它
2. 能够使用概念地图来组织思考和思想来做到更深入、到位和更具有创造性的思考
3. 对于概念地图背后的思考方式:系联性思考和批判性思维,具有一定的理解
4. (和具体学科模块一起)学会做中学(通过大量的作业、讨论、批判)
5. (和具体学科模块一起)学会提炼学科大图景以及用它来帮助学习(典型问题、对象、思维方式、分析方法、和世界以及其他学科的关系)
6. 其他的一些学习技巧,例如WHWM分析阅读和写作、同伴教学、概念地图整理文献等

Reading materials(学习材料):
1. 吴金闪《概念地图教学和学习方法》
2. 参考书:Whitehead Aims of Education (《教育的目的》)、Novak Learning, creating and using knowledge (《学习、创造与使用知识——概念图促进企业和学校的学习变革》)
3. Ted Talks视频:
Ken Robinson: Changing education paradigms,Ken Robinson教育的问题和出路四重奏,创造性和现代教育的目的
Ken Robinson: How to escape education’s death valley
Ken Robinson: Bring on the learning revolution!
Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
Chris Anderson: Questions no one knows the answers to,好奇心、科学和教育
Christopher Emdin: Teach teachers how to create magic,教学本身需要创造性
Clint Smith: The danger of silence,让每个人都问你所想问,说你所想说
Liz Coleman: A call to reinvent liberal arts education,什么是真正的通识教育
Patrick Awuah: How to educate leaders? Liberal arts,通识教育和社会
Roger Antonsen: Math is the hidden secret to understanding the world,关于“理解”和数学,以及数学作为现实的表示
Hans Rosling: Let my dataset change your mindset,数学可以很有趣并且改变你的思想
Conrad Wolfram: Teaching kids real math with computers,数学的四个阶段(提出问题、抽象化、计算求解、验证和提高)和当前数学教育以及可能的解决方案
Dan Meyer: Math class needs a makeover,数学教育和粗糙问题的关系
4. Joseph Novak: Life experience and meaningful learning,通过Novak自己的生活经验来更好地理解概念地图、理解型学习

Prerequisite(先修课以及对学生的要求)
None, except being a deeper thinking or be willing/eager to be a deep thinker, to go beyond rote learning, beyond being a machine that memorizes and recalls factual knowledge. Good communication skills in English (this course will be offered in English).

无,除了要求是一个深入的思考者,或者具有成为一个深入的思考者的意愿和渴望。对基于记忆和事实性知识的学习的不满,强烈的超越它的愿望。熟练的英语听说(课程为全英文授课)。

Course format and schedule(课程形式和时间安排)
Every night of the two weeks, 3 hours per night. Monday, Wednesday and Friday are for formal class while Tuesday and Thursday are for tutorial class. Teachers and TAs are mainly there to help each student learn things that each student likes to learn with meaningful learning. Only the first day, there will be lectures. The rest of the days will be more like workshops or tutorial sessions, where students will the main players while Teachers and TAs will simply be organizers and helpers. During the last few sessions, students will present what they have learned during these days and get feedback from the whole class.
两周的时间,每周的每个晚上,三个小时。周一三五是正课,周二四是习题课。只有在第一天的课堂上,会有传统的讲授课堂。其他时间,老师和助教的责任是帮助你学习任何你挑选的希望学习的材料。在最后两次课,学生们会做学习报告并得到课堂反馈。

Day one(第一次课)
Lectures from the instructor(s), questions and discussions are encouraged: Course information including goals, format, and expectation from students; Using examples to illustrate the key ideas of meaningful learning, including relational thinking and critical thinking, goals of learning, goals of teaching, the WHWM questions and concept mapping; Using examples to illustrate what is concept map and how to construct a concept map, including key ideas like focus question, key message, key concepts and connections among them with explicit linking phrase, overall organization of concept maps.

Students are expected to decide topics of their studies and form groups.

教师传达课程理念、课程信息、学习目标;用例子来体现理解型学习,尤其是系联性思考和批判性思维,以及WHWM分析阅读和写作方法,概念地图制作的技术等和理解型学习的关系;用例子来展示概念地图和概念地图制作的技术,尤其是焦点问题、主要信息、主要概念、概念关系和联系、概念的组织形式。

学生们应该在这次课程结束以后找到自己想学习的主题和问题,并形成学习小组(2-3人)。

Day two(第二次课)
Help students learn the topics of their own choices, which should run by instructors and Tas, with meaningful learning, which again refers to identify the key questions and to learn and apply the typical ways of thinking of that discipline and also relational and critical thinking, and with explicit use of concept maps.

老师和助教以及学生们共同帮助学生们采用理解型学习的方式学习学生们选择的主题和问题。这些主题和问题要想助教和老师报备。学习问题最好能够反应这个学科的大图景(典型对象、问题、思维方式、分析方法、和世界的关系)。学习过程中用好概念地图来组织概念,注意系联性思考和批判性思维。

Day three-four(第三、四次课)
Trial presentations from students and critical comments, continue helping students’ learning on their own. After this trial presentation, students are expected to further improve their learning skills and their understanding/answers of the topics that those choose to study in their own time and during the tutorial classes.

学生们对学习结果做初步报告:经过上面的理解型学习,所关注问题是不是能够回答了,这个回答是不是能够和学科大图景联系起来,并且比较深入。注意,这一轮初步报告完成之后,是学生提升学习能力和对问题的理解的最关键的时期,用好这段期间的学生自己的时间以及习题课的时间。

Day five-six(第五、六次课)
Students presentations, discussions, using the WHWM questions (What I want to express, how to express, why this and why in this way, meaningful to audience).

学生正式报告学习结果和讨论、反馈。主讲人要回答好WHWM问题——我最告诉我的同学们什么、我想怎么说、为什么我要说这个为什么我要这样说、为什么我认为这值得我的同学们来知道和理解。

Course project (课程项目)

First, the above oral presentation on topics/questions that chosen by students, and with the concept maps related to this presentation.

Second, a summary, in forms of concept maps and also with sufficient amount of words to explain the concept maps, of what you have learned from this module, hand in together after you finish the whole course. It is strongly suggested that you do such a summary right after this module and revise it later.

Third, feedbacks, besides summarizing things that you have learned, you may also provide feedbacks to the course, the instructors and the TAs. If you prefer, you may combine the second and the third together in the same document.

1、上面完成的自选主题和问题的口头报告以及相应的概念地图。
2、一份课程学习报告,用概念地图和文字的形式,来总结你从本课程学到了什么。这个文档整个课程完成之后提交。但是,建议你在第一部分完成之后就总结这个模块,将来再更新,以防遗忘。
3、一份对课程、主讲人、助教的反馈。如果你愿意,你也可以把课程学习报告和反馈结合在同一个文档里面。

Grades of this module (50% of the course) will be based on both this summary and feedback (25%) and your final presentation (25%).
本课程的50%的分数来自于这个模块。本模块的分数的一半来自于这个总结和反馈,另一半来自于你的口头报告。

Course workload(课程工作量)
Formal classes 3*6=18 hours, tutorial class 4*3=12 hours, study course materials (vidoes and books) about 30 hours, prepare for the presentation after classes no less than 10 hours. Course project: 10 hours and more.

Participating tutorial classes and talking to your TA and instructors might save you quite a lot of time. Make good use of them.

Warning: If you are not seriously interested in meaningful learning, learning things like an expert but not like dictionaries, and willing to spend the time and effort, Please DO NOT choose this course. It will not be easy, although it should be rewarding and meaningful.

正课时间每天3小时(3*6=18小时),习题课时间每天3小时(4*3=12小时),课后看所有的视频(约20小时)和书(约10小时),为口头报告做准备(基本在习题课时间完成),完成课程设计作业(约10小时),完成课程学习报告(约10小时)。课后思考,相信我肯定会有很多,时间不可计。

注意:课程配有助教,习题课不强制要求参加但是会大大缩短你准备的时间和提高你学习的效果。

警告:本课程需要你大量的时间和精力的投入,做主动学习,而不是听听课而已。如果你做不到,或者你对记忆型学习非常满意,请不要来选择这门课程。

Central tasks and rationales(核心教学内容和理据性)

We have choose to teach a few key ideas and a few key techniques to help students’ meaningful learning. In this section, we would like to explain the rationales for all those things that we decide to teach.

下面是对教学内容的分解以及为什么要叫这个学这个的回答。每一项的概念地图稍后再更新。

1. Why meaningful learning?(to be continued)
1、为什么要教和学理解型学习?(稍后更新)
2. Why relational thinking and critical thinking?(to be continued)
2、为什么需要系联性思考和批判性思维?(稍后更新)
3. Why concept mapping? (to be continued)
3、为什么需要概念地图?(稍后更新)
4. Why we suggest to watch Ken Robinson Ted talks? (to be continued)
4、为什么建议学习Ken Robison的Ted Talks?(稍后更新)

《学会学习和思考之地球科学》设计

Learning How to Learn and Think: Geologic Reasoning Concept Mapping Workshop

Beijing Normal University
September 11-22, 2017

Kip Ault, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus
Lewis & Clark Graduate School of Education and Counseling
Portland, Oregon
USA
www.darwinianwhimsy.com

1. Aims:

Meaningful learning requires making connections among concepts and from concepts to experiences. When structured around core concepts, these connections lead to disciplinary expertise and insight.

Habits of mind characteristic of different disciplines develop in response to distinct challenges. As a result the structures of knowledge differ from one field to another. Concept mapping and Vee diagramming promise to bring such structures into focus, making learning efficient. (Concept maps are drawings that depict networks of relationships and hierarchy among concepts. Vee diagrams deploy concept maps in order to represent the structure of knowledge in the context of an inquiry.)

Geologic reasoning responds to challenges of scale and the contingent nature of historical phenomena. Often analogical approaches—comparison and contrast—play an important role in geologic inquiry.

Comparing one place to another, in terms of its geologic history and climate pattern, for example, has the potential to illuminate the “big picture” while fostering a “deep love” for knowledge. Geologic inquiry often depends on finding modern analogues for historical processes.

Plate tectonics theory and the geologic time scale are two “big ideas” essential to organizing meaningful understanding of geology. The former can be illustrated with attention to the patterns and processes characteristic of plate boundaries and collisions. The interpretation of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River reveals the power of insight into deep time. Comparison and contrast of the geologic history of the Tibetan and Colorado Plateaus. understood in terms of plate tectonics, reveals principles for interpreting earth’s dynamic landscapes.

The Earth system—the atmosphere and oceans, the icecaps and glaciers, the soil and vegetation, and the animals and insects—is a complex, interacting system with both strong and delicate feedbacks that govern the climate and the habitability of our planet.
–Ian Roulstone & John Norbury, Invisible in the Storm (Princeton: 2010), pp.44-45

2. Prerequisites:

English proficiency.
Familiarity with geologic or geographic concepts at an introductory level.
Willingness to study original research in an unfamiliar discipline.
Curiosity about how landscapes form.

3. Concept Maps of Concept Meaning and Vee Diagrams (the “big picture”):

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4a. Concept Maps of Topics:

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4b Topics:

Concept Maps, Vee Diagrams, and Principles of Geologic Reasoning
Novak, J.D. (1990). Concept mapping and Vee diagrams: Two metacognitive tools to facilitate meaningful learning. Instructional Science, 19, 29-52.
Ault, C. (2015). Gowin’s Knowledge Vee Answers Five Questions about Inquiry. Notes for the BNU Cmap and Vee Diagram Workshop. Unpublished manuscript.
Ault, C. (2017). Thinking Geologic Thoughts: Responding To the Challenges Of Inquiry; 1st Asian Pacific Conference on Concept Mapping, September 20-22, 2017, Beijing Normal University.
Romey, W. D. (1983). Winter Ice and Snow as Models of Igneous Rock Formation. Journal of Geological Education , 31, 9-12.

Patterns of Plate Tectonics
Molnar, Pe. (2015). Plate Tectonics: A Very Short Introduction by Peter Molnar (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press).

Cascadia Subduction Zone Processes
Ault, C. Review of The Orphan Tsunami of 1700. (2006). Prepared for the University of Washington Press.

Formation of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River
Pederson, J. L. (2007). The Mystery of the Pre–Grand Canyon Colorado River—Results from the Muddy Creek Formation: GSA Today, v. 183, p. 4-10. doi: 10.1130/GSAT01803A.
Karlstrom, K., et al. (2012). Introduction: CRevolution 2: Origin and evolution of the Colorado River system II. Geosphere, 8, 1170–1176. doi:10.1130/GES00716.1
Lucchita, I., Holm, R.F., & Lucchitta, B.K. (2013). Implications of the Miocene (?) Crooked Ridge River of northern Arizona for the evolution of the Colorado River and Grand Canyon. Geosphere, 9, 1417–1433. doi:10.1130/GES00861.1

Causes and Consequences of Plateau Uplift (Tibet and Colorado)
Fillmore, R. 2011. Geological Evolution of the Colorado Plateau of Eastern Utah and Western Colorado. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
Fillmore, R. (2011), The Tertiary Period: The Rise of the Colorado Plateau, Geological Evolution of the Colorado Plateau of Eastern Utah and Western Colorado. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
Garzione, Carmala N. (2008). Surface uplift of Tibet and Cenozoic Global Cooling. Geology, 36(12), 1003-1004.doi: 10.1130/focus122008.1
Harrison, M.T., Copeland, P., Kidd, W. S. F., & Yin, An. (1991). Raising Tibet, Science 255, 1663-170. See also “A Quake-Causing Collision Course,” New York Times, May 19, 2015, p. D5.
Raymo, M.E., & Ruddiman, W.F. (1992). Tectonic forcing of late Cenozoic Climate. Nature, 359(6391), 117-122.
Ruddiman, W.F., & Kutzbach, J.E. (1991). Plateau Uplift and Climatic Change: The formation of giant plateaus in Tibet and the American West may explain why the earth’s climate has grown markedly cooler and more regionally diverse in the past 40 million years. Scientific American, 264(3), 66-75.
Searle, M. (2013). Roof of the World in Colliding Continents. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Searle, M. (2013). The Making of the Himalaya/Tibetan Plateau in Colliding Continents. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

4c. Powerpoint resources:

ppt. 001, “Introduction and Analogy.”
ppt. 003, “Colorado Plateau and Plate Tectonics.”
ppt. 002 “Ghost Forests of Cascadia.”
ppt. 005 “Colliding Continents and Plate Driven Tectonics
ppt. 006 “Climate Change and Plateau Uplift
ppt. 009 “Grand Canyon and the Trail of Time

5. Course Arrangement:

  • Field Activity
  •      

    1. Interpreting the viewing stones of the BNU campus
    2. Ice and buoyancy exploration
    3. The rock cycle as displayed in the lobby of the Jingshi Hotel
  • Homework and Classroom Concept Mapping and Vee Diagramming Exercises
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    1. What are the organizing concepts of plate tectonics?
    2. What caused the “Ghost Forests” near the coast in the Pacific Northwest (Cascadia)?
    3. How did the Colorado and Tibetan Plateaus form?
    4. When and how did the Colorado River carve the Grand Canyon?
    5. How are the weathering and uplift of Tibet related to climate change?
    6. Apply principles of geologic reasoning to examples of interpreting Cascadia, Tibet, and the Grand Canyon.

6a. Supporting References:

Blakey, Ron, & Ranney, Wayne. 2008. Ancient Landscapes of the Colorado Plateau. Grand Canyon, AZ: Grand Canyon Association.
Kearey, P. Klepeis, K. A., and Vine, F. J. 2009. Global Tectonics. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
Nie, J., Horton, B. K., and Hoke, G. D., Eds. 2014. Toward an Improved Understanding of Uplift Mechanisms and the Elevation History of the Tibetan Plateau (GSA Special Paper No. 507). Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.
Searle, M. 2013. Colliding continents: A geological exploration of the Himalaya, Karakoram, and Tibet. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.

6b. Projects (3 maps, 1 vee):

1. Concept map: What are the key concepts of plate tectonics?
2. Concept map: How do rocks form?

3a. Concept map: Models of plateau uplift for Tibet and Colorado or
3b. Concept map: Tibetan plateau and climate change

4a. Vee diagram: Carving the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River or
4b. Vee diagram: Creating the Ghost Forest of Cascadia

6c. Expected hours of work:

Daily reading of Plate Tectonics text by Molnar and research articles for each topic (1-2 hours/day).
Concept map construction and revision daily both during the workshop and as homework working with partners (1-3 hours/day plus evening class).