![\"GlassReflect\"](\"http:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/09\/GlassReflect.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u4e0a\u8bfe\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u8bf4\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a8\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8feb\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8003\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5149\u8fc7\u4e00\u7247\u73bb\u7483\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c55\u793a\u795e\u5947\u4e4b\u5904\u7528\u7684\u4e09\u7bc7\u73bb\u7483\uff0c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u554a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u554a\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u8bf4\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e5f\u4f1a\u627e\u65f6\u95f4\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u518d\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u8fc7\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u81ea\u4e8eFeynman\u7684\u300a\u5149\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5947\u5f02\u6027\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u89c1\u8fc7\u76f8\u673a\u955c\u5934\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u955c\u5934\u662f\u6709\u989c\u8272\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u989c\u8272\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u9540\u819c\u2014\u2014\u7ed9\u76f8\u673a\u73bb\u7483\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u5176\u4ed6\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u900f\u5149\u7387\u3002\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u6240\u6709\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5149\u7684\u900f\u5149\u7387\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u67d0\u4e9b\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5149\u7684\u900f\u5149\u7387\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42\u819c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u900f\u5149\u7387\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e2d\u5b66\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u5149\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u548c\u900f\u5c04\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u5149\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7c97\u7cd9\u5730\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\\(4\\%\\)\u7684\u5149\u4f1a\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\u8d70\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5149\u5c31\u662f\\(96\\%\\)\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\\(96\\%\\)\u7684\u5149\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u53c8\u4f1a\u6709\\(4\\%\\)\u7684\u5149\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\u8d70\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u73bb\u7483\u6216\u8005\u819c\u7684\u4e24\u9762\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7387\u4f1a\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7b49\u4e8e\\(92\\%\\)\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u666f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u819c\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5219\u900f\u8fc7\u7684\u5149\u8d8a\u5c11\uff1a\u4f60\u770b\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u6253\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u53cd\u5c04\u8d70\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u554a\u3002\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u666f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u628a\u5149\u770b\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u670d\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u7406\u8bba\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u6307\u7684\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4ef6\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7ec4\u6210\u5219\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u662f\u90a3\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u4e92\u65a5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5219\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u7b49\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u76f8\u52a0\uff09\u7684\u5c0f\u7403\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u670d\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u5c0f\u7403\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f60\u662f\u6df1\u6709\u4f53\u4f1a\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5149\u8fc7\u73bb\u7483\u5462\uff1f\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9540\u819c\u589e\u52a0\u754c\u9762\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u900f\u5149\u7387\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u6253\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6574\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u505a\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a\u5355\u5149\u5b50\u5149\u6e90\u7684\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u3002\u5148\u5230\u8fbe\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u88ab\u5f39\u8d70\u4e86\uff0c\u6545\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\\(4\\%\\)\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u900f\u8fc7\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\\(96\\%\\)\uff09\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u5230\u8fbe\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u6545\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\\(96\\%\\times 96\\%\\approx 92\\%\\)\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f39\u8d70\u4e86\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\\(96\\%\\times 4\\%\\)\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u6545\u4e8b\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u201c\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u201d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u591a\u6b21\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u8ba1\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ecf\u5178\u6ce2\u52a8\u5149\u5b66\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff1a\u628a\u4e00\u675f\u5149\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u597d\u591a\u597d\u591a\u5c0f\u7403\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u6784\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u597d\u591a\u597d\u591a\u5c0f\u7403\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u8bf4\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5c0f\u7403\u4eec\u5206\u505a\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5f39\u8d70\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u5165\u73bb\u7483\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5165\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u4efd\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u900f\u8fc7\u6574\u4e2a\u73bb\u7483\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u5f39\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56de\u5f39\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5c0f\u7403\u4f1a\u900f\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u88ab\u5f39\u8d70\u7684\u5c0f\u7403\u4eec\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5f53\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u5c0f\u7403\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u76f8\u6d88\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u900f\u5c04\u5149\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u900f\u5149\u7387\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u795e\u5947\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u4e24\u675f\u5149\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5c0f\u7403\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u5149\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c0f\u7403\u4eec\u5f88\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u3002\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u70b9\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u4e4b\u95f4\u786e\u5b9e\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u4f1a\u5e26\u52a8\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u70b9\u7684\u632f\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u632f\u52a8\u6e90\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4f20\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4f20\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6548\u679c\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u53e0\u52a0\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u77e2\u91cf\u53e0\u52a0\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u4f20\u64ad\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b26\u5408\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u5f8b\u662f\u77e2\u91cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\uff1a\u54ea\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u6709\u91cc\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5219\u90a3\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u900f\u5149\u7387\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u5149\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u675f\u5149\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u5206\u5f00\u6210\u4e24\u675f\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u548c\u6295\u5c04\u3002\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u5149\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u4ece\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f80\u73bb\u7483\u5916\u9762\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\u6ce2\u3002\u900f\u5c04\u5149\u5462\u5c31\u662f\u5f80\u73bb\u7483\u5185\u90e8\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\u6ce2\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u900f\u5c04\u5149\u9047\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u675f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6295\u5c04\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u4e86\uff0c\u6545\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\u5149\u5c31\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u900f\u5c04\u5230\u73bb\u7483\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u5149\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5230\u8fbe\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u53e0\u52a0\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u76f8\u6d88\uff08\u6216\u8005\u76f8\u957f\uff09\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u4ecb\u8d28\u6ce2\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u6ca1\u6709\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u77e2\u91cf\u6027\u3002\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u5355\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7403\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u589e\u52a0\u900f\u8fc7\u7387\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u591a\u5c0f\u7403\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u7ecf\u5178\u4ecb\u8d28\u6ce2\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6765\u770b\u770b\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u53c8\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u8fd8\u662f\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u6b21\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u5149\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5149\u5b50\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u95ee\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u53cd\u5c04\u56de\u53bb\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u96c6\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u554a\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5148\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u900f\u5c04\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u56de\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u900f\u5c04\u3002\u65e0\u8111\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u533a\u5206\u201d\uff08\u5927\u6982\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5916\u9762\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd8\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u533a\u5206\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u542b\u4e49\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5e45\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6982\u7387\uff09\u505a\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u52a0\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5e45\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u6d88\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u957f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u4ed4\u7ec6\u60f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u795e\u5947\u554a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u554a\u3002\u4f60\u770b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u5c31\u53cd\u5c04\u8d70\u7684\u5149\u5b50\uff0c\u6709\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u201c\u9047\u5230\u201d\u5e76\u4e14\u201c\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u5148\u900f\u5c04\u518d\u53cd\u5c04\u518d\u900f\u5c04\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u5462\uff1f\u6574\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u5b50\u554a\uff01\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\u8d70\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u600e\u4e48\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u76f8\u4e92\u9047\u5230\u554a\uff01\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\u8d70\uff0c\u5219\u6574\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ea\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u554a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u548c\u90a3\u4e2a\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c31\u88ab\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u6765\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u554a\uff01\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u795e\u5947\u4e4b\u5904\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff1a\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4e0d\u53ef\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5219\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5e45\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5e45\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u6982\u7387\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6982\u7387\u5e45\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5148\u76f8\u52a0\u540e\u505a\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u548c\u7ecf\u5178\u4ecb\u8d28\u6ce2\u6570\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u53e0\u52a0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u4eec\u771f\u7684\u770b\u61c2\uff1a
\n\\begin{align}
\n\\rho^{c} = p_{1} \\left|1\\right\\rangle\\left\\langle 1\\right| + p_{2} \\left|2\\right\\rangle\\left\\langle 2\\right| \\\\
\n\\rho^{q} = \\left(\\sqrt{p_{1}} \\left|1\\right\\rangle + \\sqrt{p_{2}} \\left|2\\right\\rangle\\right)\\left(\\sqrt{p_{1}} \\left\\langle 1\\right| + \\sqrt{p_{2}} \\left\\langle 2\\right|\\right) \\\\
\n = p_{1} \\left|1\\right\\rangle\\left\\langle 1\\right| + p_{2} \\left|2\\right\\rangle\\left\\langle 2\\right| + \\sqrt{p_{1}p_{2}}\\left(\\left|1\\right\\rangle\\left\\langle 2\\right| + \\left|2\\right\\rangle\\left\\langle 1\\right|\\right)
\n\\end{align}
\n\u524d\u8005\u8868\u793a\\(1,2\\)\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6309\u7167\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6982\u7387\\(p_{1},p_{2}\\)\u6765\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6309\u7167\u5176\u6982\u7387\u5e45\uff08\u5927\u7ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u5176\u5f00\u5e73\u65b9\\(\\sqrt{p_{1}},\\sqrt{p_{2}}\\)\uff09\u6765\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6c42\u5176\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u5e73\u65b9\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4f1a\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u6700\u540e\u90a3\u4e2a\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bfc\u81f4\u76f8\u6d88\u6216\u8005\u76f8\u957f\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u4f53\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u54e6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u8bb0\u5f97\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528WHWM<\/a>\uff0c\u95ee\u4f20\u8fbe\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f20\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u4f20\u8fbe\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u5417\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u770b\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e16\u5b50\u201c\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5149\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u554a\u201d<\/a>\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e0a\u8bfe\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u8bf4\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a8\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8feb\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8003\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u770b … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u201c\u5149\u8fc7\u73bb\u7483\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u591a\u4e48\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u554a\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[169],"tags":[82,150,114],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3405"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3405"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3405\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3448,"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3405\/revisions\/3448"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3405"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3405"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"GlassLight\"](\"http:\/\/www.systemsci.org\/jinshanw\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/09\/GlassLight.jpg\")
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"